Research

Permanent URI for this community

https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14417/1725

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 50

A change-point approach for the identification of financial extreme regimes
(Project euclid, 2021-11) Leonelli, Manuele; Lattanzi, Chiara
Inference over tails is usually performed by fitting an appropriate limiting distribution over observations that exceed a fixed threshold. However, the choice of such threshold is critical and can affect the inferential results. Extreme value mixture models have been defined to estimate the threshold using the full dataset and to give accurate tail estimates. Such models assume that the tail behavior is constant for all observations. However, the extreme behavior of financial returns often changes considerably in time and such changes occur by sudden shocks of the market. Here the extreme value mixture model class is extended to formally take into account distributional extreme change-points, by allowing for the presence of regime-dependent parameters modelling the tail of the distribution. This extension formally uses the full dataset to both estimate the thresholds and the extreme changepoint locations, giving uncertainty measures for both quantities. Estimation of functions of interest in extreme value analyses is performed via MCMC algorithms. Our approach is evaluated through a series of simulations, applied to real data sets and assessed against competing approaches. Evidence demonstrates that the inclusion of different extreme regimes outperforms both static and dynamic competing approaches in financial applications.
A geometric characterization of sensitivity analysis in monomial models
(Elsevier Inc., 2022) Riccomagno, Eva; Leonelli, Manuele; https://ror.org/02jjdwm75
Sensitivity analysis in probabilistic discrete graphical models is usually conducted by varying one probability at a time and observing how this affects output probabilities of interest. When one probability is varied,then others are proportionally covaried to respect the sum-to-one condition of probabilities. The choice of proportional covariation is justified by multiple optimality conditions,under which the original and the varied distributions are as close as possible under different measures. For variations of more than one parameter at a time and for the large class of discrete statistical models entertaining a regular monomial parametrisation,we demonstrate the optimality of newly defined proportional multi-way schemes with respect to an optimality criterion based on the I-divergence. We demonstrate that there are varying parameters' choices for which proportional covariation is not optimal and identify the sub-family of distributions where the distance between the original distribution and the one where probabilities are covaried proportionally is minimum. This is shown by adopting a new geometric characterization of sensitivity analysis in monomial models,which include most probabilistic graphical models. We also demonstrate the optimality of proportional covariation for multi-way analyses in Naive Bayes classifiers. © 2022 The Author(s)
A geometric characterization of sensitivity analysis in monomial models
(Elsevier, 2022-12) Leonelli, Manuele; Riccomagno, Eva; https://ror.org/02jjdwm75
Sensitivity analysis in probabilistic discrete graphical models is usually conducted by varying one probability at a time and observing how this affects output probabilities of interest. When one probability is varied, then others are proportionally covaried to respect the sum-to-one condition of probabilities. The choice of proportional covariation is justified by multiple optimality conditions, under which the original and the varied distributions are as close as possible under different measures. For variations of more than one parameter at a time and for the large class of discrete statistical models entertaining a regular monomial parametrisation, we demonstrate the optimality of newly defined proportional multi-way schemes with respect to an optimality criterion based on the I-divergence. We demonstrate that there are varying parameters’ choices for which proportional covariation is not optimal and identify the sub-family of distributions where the distance between the original distribution and the one where probabilities are covaried proportionally is minimum. This is shown by adopting a new geometric characterization of sensitivity analysis in monomial models, which include most probabilistic graphical models. We also demonstrate the optimality of proportional covariation for multi-way analyses in Naive Bayes classifiers.
A novel mechanism for dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium in Acididesulfobacillus acetoxydans
(American Society for Microbiology, 2024) Egas, Reinier; Kurth, Julia; Boeren, Sjef; Sousa, Diana; Welte, Cornelia; Sánchez Andrea, Irene; Ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap; https://ror.org/02jjdwm75
The biological route of nitrate reduction has important implications for the bioavailability of nitrogen within ecosystems. Nitrate reduction via nitrite,either to ammonium (ammonification) or to nitrous oxide or dinitrogen (denitrification),determines whether nitrogen is retained within the system or lost as a gas. The acidophilic sulfate-reducing bacterium (aSRB) Acididesulfobacillus acetoxydans can perform dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA). While encoding a Nar-type nitrate reductase,A. acetoxydans lacks recognized nitrite reductase genes. In this study,A. acetoxydans was cultivated under conditions conducive to DNRA. During cultivations,we monitored the production of potential nitrogen intermediates (nitrate,nitrite,nitric oxide,hydroxylamine,and ammonium). Resting cell experiments were performed with nitrate,nitrite,and hydroxylamine to confirm their reduction to ammonium,and formed intermediates were tracked. To identify the enzymes involved in DNRA,comparative transcriptomics and proteomics were performed with A. acetoxydans growing under nitrate- and sulfate-reducing conditions. Nitrite is likely reduced to ammonia by the previously undescribed nitrite reductase activity of the NADH-linked sulfite reductase AsrABC,or by a putatively ferredoxin-dependent homolog of the nitrite reductase NirA (DEACI_1836),or both. We identified enzymes and intermediates not previously associated with DNRA and nitrosative stress in aSRB. This increases our knowledge about the metabolism of this type of bacteria and helps the interpretation of (meta)genome data from various ecosystems on their DNRA potential and the nitrogen cycle. © 2024 Egas et al.
Acetic acid stress response of the acidophilic sulfate reducer Acididesulfobacillus acetoxydans
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2024) Egas, Reinier; Sahonero Canavesi, Diana; Bale, Nicole; Koenen, Micel; Yildiz, Çaglar; Villanueva, Laura; Sousa, Diana; Sánchez Andrea, Irene; Ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap; https://ror.org/02jjdwm75
Acid mine drainage (AMD) waters are a severe environmental threat,due to their high metal content and low pH (pH <3). Current technologies treating AMD utilize neutrophilic sulfate-reducing microorganisms (SRMs),but acidophilic SRM could offer advantages. As AMDs are low in organics these processes require electron donor addition,which is often incompletely oxidized into organic acids (e.g.,acetic acid). At low pH,acetic acid is undissociated and toxic to microorganisms. We investigated the stress response of the acetotrophic Acididesulfobacillus acetoxydans to acetic acid. A. acetoxydans was cultivated in bioreactors at pH 5.0 (optimum). For stress experiments,triplicate reactors were spiked until 7.5 mM of acetic acid and compared with (non-spiked) triplicate reactors for physiological,transcriptomic,and membrane lipid changes. After acetic acid spiking,the optical density initially dropped,followed by an adaptation phase during which growth resumed at a lower growth rate. Transcriptome analysis revealed a downregulation of genes involved in glutamate and aspartate synthesis following spiking. Membrane lipid analysis revealed a decrease in iso and anteiso fatty acid relative abundance; and an increase of acetyl-CoA as a fatty acid precursor. These adaptations allow A. acetoxydans to detoxify acetic acid,creating milder conditions for other microorganisms in AMD environments. © 2024 The Authors. Environmental Microbiology published by Applied Microbiology International and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
AMCIS 2017 Panel Report: Experiences in Online Education
(2019-12) Ferran, Carlos; Alanís González, Macedonio; Esteves, José ; Gómez Reynoso, Juan; Guzman, Indira; https://ror.org/02jjdwm75
In this AMCIS 2017 online education panel, five experienced business school professors from differently sized public and private institutions in three different countries (USA, Mexico, and Spain) discussed how online education (i.e., eLearning, technology-mediated knowledge transfer) occurred in their institutions. They presented low-budget and high-budget examples and described what they have found to be best practices in eLearning at both the institution and the instructor level. They also demonstrated that one can accomplish online education in many different ways and with varying budgets, but, as long as one bases it on solid educational principles and mastery of the technology, it can be as effective as (if not more than) traditional face-to-face education. This report builds on their presentations and additional information gathered from the literature.
Automated Metric Analysis of Spanish Poetry: Two Complementary Approaches
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2021) Marco, Guillermo; Rosa, Javier de la; Gonzalo, Julio; Ros, Salvador; González Blanco, Elena; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; European Commission; https://ror.org/02jjdwm75
The automatic metric analysis (commonly referred to as scansion) of Spanish poetry is not a trivial problem since it combines the nuances of the language,the different poetic traditions related to melodic patterns,and the personal stylistic preferences and intentions of the author. In this paper,we explore two alternative algorithmic approaches tailored to different applications scenarios. The first approach,Rantanplan,is a rule-based method that consists of four Natural Language Processing modules that work together to perform scansion and other related analysis: Part of Speech tagging,syllabification,stress assignment,and metrical adjustment. The second approach,Jumper,explores the possibility of performing scansion without syllabification,with a twofold purpose: to minimize the errors propagated in different parts of the linguistic processing pipeline (including the syllabification step),and to improve the efficiency of the process. Both systems outperform the state of the art and provide either a more informative solution (suitable,for instance,for teaching purposes) or a more efficient processing (when a correct scansion is all the linguistic knowledge required,as in scholar philological studies). The combined use of both systems turns out to provide a practical tool to clean-up manual annotation errors in corpora. © 2013 IEEE.
Blockchain Technology Secures Robot Swarms: A Comparison of Consensus Protocols and Their Resilience to Byzantine Robots
(Frontiers, 2020-05-12) Castelló, Eduardo; Dorigo, Marco; Strobel, Volker; https://ror.org/02jjdwm75
Consensus achievement is a crucial capability for robot swarms, for example, for path selection, spatial aggregation, or collective sensing. However, the presence of malfunctioning and malicious robots (Byzantine robots) can make it impossible to achieve consensus using classical consensus protocols. In this work, we show how a swarm of robots can achieve consensus even in the presence of Byzantine robots by exploiting blockchain technology. Bitcoin and later blockchain frameworks, such as Ethereum, have revolutionized financial transactions. These frameworks are based on decentralized databases (blockchains) that can achieve secure consensus in peer-to-peer networks. We illustrate our approach in a collective sensing scenario where robots in a swarm are controlled via blockchain-based smart contracts (decentralized protocols executed via blockchain technology) that serve as “meta-controllers” and we compare it to state-of-the-art consensus protocols using a robot swarm simulator. Additionally, we show that our blockchain-based approach can prevent attacks where robots forge a large number of identities (Sybil attacks). The developed robot-blockchain interface is released as open-source software in order to facilitate future research in blockchain-controlled robot swarms. Besides increasing security, we expect the presented approach to be important for data analysis, digital forensics, and robot-to-robot financial transactions in robot swarms.
Can Neo-Rural Initiatives Bolster Community Resilience in Depopulated Coupled Human and Natural System?: Insights From Stakeholder Perceptions in Central Spain
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2022) Sansilvestri, Roxane; Lucio, José Vicente de ; Seijo, Francisco; Zavala, Miguel; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; European Commission; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; Ministerio para la Transición Ecológica y el Reto Demográfico; https://ror.org/02jjdwm75
Preindustrial era agro-sylvopastoral land uses have influenced structure,function and disturbance in Mediterranean type mountainous landscapes for millennia. In this study we analyze through semi-structured interviews,stakeholder perceptions of coupled human and natural system (CHANS) community resilience in one such landscape; the municipality of Puebla de la Sierra,Madrid. The municipality is part of the Biosphere Reserve of the Sierra del Rincon and the Natura 2000 network and as such is subject to various conservationist regulations emanating from multiple levels of governance. In the preindustrial past most municipal lands formed an oak “dehesa” or open forest CHANS that made biomass extraction through pollarding compatible with pastoralism and shifting agriculture. After a period of rapid land-use change in the early 20th century—marked by the state led plantation of coniferous forests,the final decades of the last century were characterized by rural abandonment and the collapse of traditional forms of land use as well as the gradual transformation of the municipality into an eco-touristic,exurban destination for Madrid residents. More recently,the municipality has experienced an influx of neo-rural settlers in the area wishing to connect traditional knowledge and management with modern agro-environmental practices. In our study,we identify two limiting factors to community resilience in Puebla de la Sierra; governance and financing. The current governance model is perceived by respondents to be contrary to their reality and needs,which translates into environmental,urban and health regulations that,in their views,penalizes agroecological and small-scale economic activities. In addition,respondents believe there is a dearth of material and financial resources to initiate these transformative local actions which further weakens community resilience. Stakeholders however also identified other factors that reinforce community resilience such as a collective willingness to revive key traditional ecosystem management practices such as pollarding,the networks of trust existing between the people participating in these new initiatives and the capacity for deliberating between different visions of future development pathways amongst local stakeholders. Copyright © 2022 Sansilvestri,de Lucio,Seijo and Zavala.
Challenges and considerations on the new labor market in the media industry
(EPI SCP, 2016) Álvarez Monzoncillo, José María ; Suárez Bilbao, Fernando; de Haro, Guillermo; https://ror.org/02jjdwm75
Recent changes in the economic, social, and technological environment have impacted the careers of information professionals. On one hand, new jobs and opportunities have appeared, and on the other hand, layoffs in mainstream media companies indicate that the net impact has been negative. This article attempts to analyze the most important changes in the media environment, the main forces affecting supply and demand, and the impact of changes on the careers of information professionals. Finally, we propose that some of the new radical paradigms in the world of information professionals are not conceptually new.
Cherry-Picking Gradients: Learning Low-Rank Embeddings of Visual Data via Differentiable Cross-Approximation
(Cornell University, 2021-11-15) Ballester, Rafael; Usvyatsov, Mikhail; Makarova, Anastasia; Rakhuba, Maxim; Krause, Andreas; Schindler, Konrad; https://ror.org/02jjdwm75
We propose an end-to-end trainable framework that processes large-scale visual data tensors by looking at a fraction of their entries only. Our method combines a neural network encoder with a tensor train decomposition to learn a low-rank latent encoding, coupled with cross-approximation (CA) to learn the representation through a subset of the original samples. CA is an adaptive sampling algorithm that is native to tensor decompositions and avoids working with the full high-resolution data explicitly. Instead, it actively selects local representative samples that we fetch out-of-core and on-demand. The required number of samples grows only logarithmically with the size of the input. Our implicit representation of the tensor in the network enables processing large grids that could not be otherwise tractable in their uncompressed form. The proposed approach is particularly useful for large-scale multidimensional grid data (e.g., 3D tomography), and for tasks that require context over a large receptive field (e.g., predicting the medical condition of entire organs).
Corrigendum on the proof of completeness for exceptional Hermite polynomials
(Science Direct, 2020-05) Gómez Ullate, David; Grandati, Yves; Milson, Robert; Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness; Federación Española de Enfermedades Raras; https://ror.org/02jjdwm75
Exceptional orthogonal polynomials are complete families of orthogonal polynomials that arise as eigenfunctions of a Sturm Liouville problem. Antonio Durán discovered a gap in the original proof of completeness for exceptional Hermite polynomials, that has propagated to analogous results for other exceptional families. In this paper we provide an alternative proof that follows essentially the same arguments, but provides a direct proof of the key lemma on which the completeness proof is based. This direct proof makes use of the theory of trivial monodromy potentials developed by Duistermaat and Grünbaum and Oblomkov
Cyclic Maya diagrams and rational solutions of higher order Painlevé systems
(Wiley, 2020-01-22) Gómez Ullate, David; Clarkson, Peter; Grandati, Yves; Milson, Robert; https://ror.org/02jjdwm75
This paper focuses on the construction of rational solutions for the A2n-Painlev´e system, also called the Noumi-Yamada system, which are considered the higher order generalizations of PIV. In this even case, we introduce a method to construct the rational solutions based on cyclic dressing chains of Schr¨odinger operators with potentials in the class of rational extensions of the harmonic oscillator. Each potential in the chain can be indexed by a single Maya diagram and expressed in terms of a Wronskian determinant whose entries are Hermite polynomials. We introduce the notion of cyclic Maya diagrams and we characterize them for any possible period, using the concepts of genus and interlacing. The resulting classes of solutions can be expressed in terms of special polynomials that generalize the families of generalized Hermite, generalized Okamoto and Umemura polynomials, showing that they are particular cases of a larger family.
Data from a pre-publication independent replication initiative examining ten moral judgement effects
(Nature Publishing Groups, 2016) Tierney, Warren; Schweinsberg, Martín; Jordan, Jennifer; Kennedy, Deanna; Qureshi, Israr; Sommer, Amy; Thornley, Nico; Madan, Nikhil; Vianello, Michelangelo; Awtrey, Eli; Zhu, Luke Lei; Diermeier, Daniel; Heinze, Justin; Srinivasan, Malavika; Tannenbaum, David; Bivolaru, Eliza; Dana, Jason; Davis Stober, Clintin; Du Plessis, Christilene; Gronau, Quentin; Hafenbrack, Andrew; Liao, Eko Yi; Ly, Alexander; Marsman, Maarten; Murase, Toshio; Schaerer, Michael; Tworek, Christina; Wagenmakers, Eric Jan; Wong, Lynn; Anderson, Tabitha; Bauman, Christopher; Bedwell, Wendy; Brescoll, Victoria; Canavan, Andrew; Chandler, Jesse; Cheries, Erik; Cheryan, Sapna; Cheung, Felix; Cimpian, Andrei; Clark, Mark; Cordon, Diana; Cushman, Fiery; Ditto, Peter; Amell, Alice; Frick, Sarah; Gamez Djokic, Monica; Grady, Rebecca Hofstein; Graham, Jesse; Gu, Jun; Hahn, Adam; Hanson, Brittany; Hartwich, Nicole; Hein, Kristie; Inbar, Yoel; Jiang, Lily; Kellogg, Tehlyr; Legate, Nicole; Luoma, Timo; Maibeucher, Heidi; Meindl, Peter; Miles, Jennifer; Mislin, Aalexandra; Molden, Daniel; Motyl, Matt; Newman, George; Ngo, Hoai Huong; Packham, Harvey; Ramsay, Scott; Ray, Jennifer; Sackett, Aaron; Sellier, Anne Laure; Sokolova, Tatiana; Sowden, Walter; Storage, Daniel; Sun, Xiaomin; Van Bavel, Jay; Washburn, Anthony; Wei, Cong; Wetter, Erick; Wilson, Carlos; Darroux, Sophie Charlotte; Uhlmann, Eric Luis; https://ror.org/02jjdwm75
We present the data from a crowdsourced project seeking to replicate findings in independent laboratories before (rather than after) they are published. In this Pre-Publication Independent Replication (PPIR) initiative,25 research groups attempted to replicate 10 moral judgment effects from a single laboratory's research pipeline of unpublished findings. The 10 effects were investigated using online/lab surveys containing psychological manipulations (vignettes) followed by questionnaires. Results revealed a mix of reliable,unreliable,and culturally moderated findings. Unlike any previous replication project,this dataset includes the data from not only the replications but also from the original studies,creating a unique corpus that researchers can use to better understand reproducibility and irreproducibility in science.
Digital word of mouth usage in the movie consumption decision process: the role of Mobile-WOM among young adults in Spain
(Taylor & Francis, 2018-05-21) Álvarez Monzoncillo, José María ; de Haro, Guillermo; Picard, Robert Georges; https://ror.org/02jjdwm75
Smartphones have become important in everyday life for most activities, including marketing. Mobile devices can access the Internet to find information, recommend, generate and distribute content and are increasingly being used to inform consumer choices. Their capabilities are expanding the significance of word of mouth communication by overcoming temporal and spatial constraints of verbal communication. This paper analyzes the information-seeking behavior of young adults in Spain before, during and after the process of watching motion pictures in theaters or on various platforms. This process is linked to the generation of word-of-mouth (WOM) information that affects differently than the expert reviews on movies to the decision-making processes of consumers. WOM has changed with the advent of mobile devices and the development of social networks. This study suggests that online recommenders and the specialized cinema press have more power to influence than the general press or the blogs and discussion sites, suggesting that the effects of word of mouth are much more nuanced in the digital setting.
Educational reinforcement measures in literacy: the case of the Dyslexia Aid program in the Comunidad de Madrid
(Gobierno de Espana Secretaria de Estado de Comercio, 2021) Sevilla, Almudena; Cuevas Ruiz, Pilar; Sanz, Ismael; Rello, Luz; https://ror.org/02jjdwm75
In this article,we evaluate the Dyslexia Aid program of the Community of Madrid in the 2018-2019 academic year,aimed at primary school students with reading and writing difficulties. The program consists of two tools: a) a test to check students who have literacy difficulties and b) up to 42,000 exercises on a digital platform to work and reinforce these skills. 7.55 % (n = 1,022) of the students had reading and writing difficulties. The results of the analysis show that there is no correlation between the participation of the school in the program and the performance of the students at these schools in the external and standardized tests of Mathematics and Language,but there is in the case of English. When disaggregating the results by gender,a strong and positive association of the Dyslexia Help project is observed for girls in Language arts and English (and,as one might expect,not so much in Mathematics),while for boys it is only significant in English. However,schools that participate in this intervention have better results and students from a higher socio-economic background. The different characteristics of the schools could explain their participation,which was voluntary,in the Dyslexia Aid program. The future line of research proposes to exploit through a differences-in-differences analysis that there has been a new call for the program in the 2021-2022 academic year,in which new schools have been incorporated. © 2021,Gobierno de Espana Secretaria de Estado de Comercio. All rights reserved.
Effectiveness of Non-pharmaceutical Interventions in Nine Fields of Activity to Decrease SARS-CoV-2 Transmission
(Frontiers, 2023-04-12) Gómez Ullate, David; Barbeito, Inés; Precioso, Daniel; Sierra, María José; Vegas Azcárate, Susana; Fernández Balbuena, Sonia; Vitoriano, Begoña; Cao, Ricardo; Monge, Susana; Ozayr Mahomed; University of KwaZulu-Natal; South Africa; https://ror.org/02jjdwm75
Background: We estimated the association between the level of restriction in nine different fields of activity and SARS-CoV-2 transmissibility in Spain, from 15 September 2020 to 9 May 2021. Methods: A stringency index (0-1) was created for each Spanish province (n = 50) daily. A hierarchical multiplicative model was fitted. The median of coefficients across provinces (95% bootstrap confidence intervals) quantified the effect of increasing one standard deviation in the stringency index over the logarithmic return of the weekly percentage variation of the 7-days SARS-CoV-2 cumulative incidence, lagged 12 days. Results: Overall, increasing restrictions reduced SARS-CoV-2 transmission by 22% (RR = 0.78; one-sided 95%CI: 0, 0.82) in 1 week, with highest effects for culture and leisure 14% (0.86; 0, 0.98), social distancing 13% (0.87; 0, 0.95), indoor restaurants 10% (0.90; 0, 0.95) and indoor sports 6% (0.94; 0, 0.98). In a reduced model with seven fields, culture and leisure no longer had a significant effect while ceremonies decreased transmission by 5% (0.95; 0, 0.96). Models R 2 was around 70%. Conclusion: Increased restrictions decreased COVID-19 transmission. Limitations include remaining collinearity between fields, and somewhat artificial quantification of qualitative restrictions, so the exact attribution of the effect to specific areas must be done with caution.
Extracting relevant predictive variables for COVID-19 severity prognosis: An exhaustive comparison of feature selection techniques
(Public Library of Science, 2023) Hayet Otero, Miren; García García, Fernando; España Yandiola, Pedro Pablo; Urrutia Landa, Isabel; Ermecheo, Mónica Nieves; Quintana, José María; Menéndez, Rosario; Torres, Antoni; Zalacain Jorge, Rafael; Arostegui, Inmaculada; Martínez Minaya, Joaquín; Lee, Dae Jin; https://ror.org/02jjdwm75
With the COVID-19 pandemic having caused unprecedented numbers of infections and deaths,large research efforts have been undertaken to increase our understanding of the disease and the factors which determine diverse clinical evolutions. Here we focused on a fully data-driven exploration regarding which factors (clinical or otherwise) were most informative for SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia severity prediction via machine learning (ML). In particular,feature selection techniques (FS),designed to reduce the dimensionality of data,allowed us to characterize which of our variables were the most useful for ML prognosis. We conducted a multi-centre clinical study,enrolling n = 1548 patients hospitalized due to SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia: where 792,238,and 598 patients experienced low,medium and high-severity evolutions,respectively. Up to 106 patient-specific clinical variables were collected at admission,although 14 of them had to be discarded for containing 60% missing values. Alongside 7 socioeconomic attributes and 32 exposures to air pollution (chronic and acute),these became d = 148 features after variable encoding. We addressed this ordinal classification problem both as a ML classification and regression task. Two imputation techniques for missing data were explored,along with a total of 166 unique FS algorithm configurations: 46 filters,100 wrappers and 20 embeddeds. Of these,21 setups achieved satisfactory bootstrap stability (?0.70) with reasonable computation times: 16 filters,2 wrappers,and 3 embeddeds. The subsets of features selected by each technique showed modest Jaccard similarities across them. However,they consistently pointed out the importance of certain explanatory variables. Namely: patient's C-reactive protein (CRP),pneumonia severity index (PSI),respiratory rate (RR) and oxygen levels -saturation Sp O2,quotients Sp O2/RR and arterial Sat O2/Fi O2-,the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) - to certain extent,also neutrophil and lymphocyte counts separately-,lactate dehydrogenase (LDH),and procalcitonin (PCT) levels in blood. A remarkable agreement has been found a posteriori between our strategy and independent clinical research works investigating risk factors for COVID-19 severity. Hence,these findings stress the suitability of this type of fully data-driven approaches for knowledge extraction,as a complementary to clinical perspectives. © 2023 Hayet-Otero et al.
FoCo: A Shiny App for Formative Assessment using Cognitive Diagnosis Modeling
(Colegio Oficial de la Psicologia de Madrid, 2023) Sanz, Susana; Kreitchmann, Rodrigo; Nájera, Pablo; Moreno, José David; Martínez Huertas, José Ángel; Sorrel, Miguel; Comunidad de Madrid; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; https://ror.org/02jjdwm75
Combining formative and summative evaluations could improve assessment. Cognitive diagnosis modeling (CDM) has been proposed as a tool for diagnosing students’ strengths and weaknesses in formative assessment. However,there is no user-friendly software to implement it. For this reason,a Shiny app,FoCo,has been developed (https://foco.shinyapps.io/FoCo/),to conduct CDM and classical test theory analyses. The responses from 86 undergraduate students to a research methods course examination were analyzed. Students’ strengths and needs were diagnosed concerning their dominance of the syllabus contents and the first three competencies in Bloom’s taxonomy. The validity of the results was analyzed. The exam showed acceptable about evaluating students’ knowledge,as students with similar scores showed different strengths and weaknesses. Additionally,these attributes were found to predict different relevant criteria. It is expected that FoCo’s easiness to use promotes the employment of CDM in real educational settings. © 2023 Colegio Oficial de la Psicología de Madrid.
Gender and generational cohort impact on entrepreneurs’ emotional intelligence and transformational leadership
(Springer, 2024) Esteves, José; Haro, Guillermo de; Ballestar, María Teresa; Sainz, Jorge; https://ror.org/02jjdwm75
Emotional intelligence (EI) and leadership style are topics that have attracted a growing interest in the literature. In this study,we posit that entrepreneurs’ EI is an antecedent of transformational leadership (TL) while examining the moderating role of gender and generational cohort. Data were collected from 2,084 international entrepreneurs and analysed using multivariate analysis and hierarchical linear regression. The results confirm EI as an antecedent of TL and show that others’ emotion appraisal (OEA) and regulation of emotions (ROE) are the most contributing subdimensions of EI to TL. Moreover,the study also reveals significant gender and generational cohort differences for EI and TL. In one of the relevant findings,our research shows that only female Gen Z entrepreneurs have lower scores than their male counterparts. Although men’s EI scores are similar across generations,women’s scores are significantly higher in each older generation leaving ¡open questions for further research in the area. © The Author(s) 2024.

Browse

Browsing Research by School "IE School of Science & Technology"

Results Per Page

Sort Options