Person: Fernández Kranz, Daniel
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Daniel
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Fernández Kranz
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IE University
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IE Business School
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Economics
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Publication The impact of equal parenting time laws on family outcomes and risky behavior by teenagers: evidence from Spain(IE University, 2021-06-25) Nollenberger, Natalia ; Fernández Kranz, Daniel; https://ror.org/02jjdwm75Due to legal reforms, equal parenting time (EPT) laws in Spain now apply to approximately 40% of all divorces, with likely implications for family outcomes and teenagers’ risky behavior. Consistent with theories of bargaining power within marriage, we find that EPT laws decrease contentious and wife-initiated divorces and increase the employment of mothers relative to fathers. An analysis of drug use and family relationships, among 165,000 teenagers, further shows that EPT laws significantly decrease risky behavior by teenagers, especially boys, who claim to have better relationships with their father, although more unclear norms for behavior. These results have some international implications, such as for the United States, where more than half of the states are considering whether to adopt EPT laws.Publication Intimate partner violence under forced cohabitation and economic stress: Evidence from the COVID-19 pandemic(Elsevier, 2021-02) Arenas Arroyo, Esther; Fernández Kranz, Daniel; Nollenberger, Natalia; https://ror.org/02jjdwm75With the COVID-19 outbreak imposing stay at home and social distancing policies, warnings about the impact of lockdown and its economic consequences on domestic violence have surged. This paper disentangles the effect of forced cohabitation and economic stress on intimate partner violence. Using an online survey data set, we find a 23% increase of intimate partner violence during the lockdown. Our results indicate that the impact of economic consequences is twice as large as the impact of lockdown. We also find large but statistically imprecise estimates of a large increase of domestic violence when the relative position of the man worsens, especially in contexts where that position was already being threatened. We view our results as consistent with the male backlash and emotional cue effects.Publication Bargaining under Threats: The Effect of Joint Custody Laws on Intimate Partner Violence(2021-09) Fernández Kranz, Daniel; Nollenberger, Natalia ; Roff, Jennifer; https://ror.org/02jjdwm75We study the effect of a policy change that exogenously shifted bargaining power from mothers to fathers on intimate partner violence. We exploit a quasi-natural experiment based on a series of reforms in Spain that shifted the custody decision from being unilaterally determined by the mother to a joint decision, barring evidence of violence. We find that the policy led to a large and significant decrease in intimate partner violence, with the largest effects among couples in which the mother was more likely to seek sole custody before the policy change.Publication Can't leave you now! Intimate partner violence under forced coexitence and economic uncertainty(IE University, 2020-11-18) Arenas Arroyo, Esther; Fernández Kranz, Daniel; Nollenberger, Natalia; https://ror.org/02jjdwm75With the COVID-19 outbreak imposing stay at home and social distancing policies, warnings about the impact of lockdown and its economic consequences on domestic violence has surged. This paper disentangles the effect of forced coexistence and economic stress on intimate partner violence. Using an online survey data set, we find a 23% increase of intimate partner violence during the lockdown. Our results indicate that the impact of economic consequences is twice as large as the impact of lockdown. We also find a large increase of domestic violence when the relative position of the man worsens, especially in contexts where that position was already being threatened. We view our results as consistent with the male backlash and emotional cue effects.Publication Bargaining under Threats: The Effect of Joint Custody Laws on Intimate Partner Violence(IZA, 2020-10) Nollenberger, Natalia; Fernández Kranz, Daniel; Roff, Jennifer; https://ror.org/02jjdwm75We study the effect of a policy change that exogenously shifted bargaining power from mothers to fathers on intimate partner violence. We exploit a quasi-natural experiment based on a series of reforms in Spain that shifted the custody decision from being unilaterally determined by the mother to a joint decision, barring evidence of violence. We find that the policy increased the incidence of joint custody in Spain from less than 11% of all divorces to 40% in just five years. Comparing the evolution of intimate partner violence in treated and control regions and using couples without children as an additional comparison group, we find that the policy led to a large and significant decrease in intimate partner violence, with the largest effects among couples in which the mother was more likely to seek sole custody before the policy change. Consistent with this finding, the policy also led to a significant reduction in female partner homicides in treated regions. Finally, we also find evidence of more police reports by victims of intimate partner violence with a significantly higher proportion of these reports ending in dismissals or non-guilty decisions by the specialized courts. We interpret this finding as evidence of strategic behavior by mothers who want to retain sole custody of their children.Publication High Speed Internet and the Widening Gender Gap in Adolescent Mental Health: Evidence from Hospital Records(IZA, 2022-05) Fernández Kranz, Daniel; Nollenberger, Natalia; Arenas Arroyo, Esther; https://ror.org/02jjdwm75This paper studies the impact of internet access on adolescent’s mental health. Exploiting the exogenous variation in the deployment of optic fiber in different areas of Spain between 2007 and 2019, we find that high-speed internet (HSI) increased mental health diagnoses among girls. Exploring the mechanisms behind this effect, we show that HSI increases addictive internet use while reducing time spent on sleep, homework, and socializing with family and friends, with girls driving all these effects. We also provide evidence that HSI contributes to a significant increase in suicide among adolescents, with the effects again being larger among girls.