Person: Valdivieso, José Félix
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José Félix
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Valdivieso
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IE University
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IE China Center
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Publication Understanding Family Businesses in China: the Path, the Trend, and the Future(IE University, 2020-04-14) Valdivieso, José Félix; https://ror.org/00c5kmy11If, in a bid to unravel the knots of our recent history and identify the most important events of the fi rst two decades of the 21st century, we were to tele-transport ourselves into the living room of a historian in the year 3020—and in the absence of a further surprise by the goddess Clio—I believe our historian would undoubtedly highlight the impact of two things on our world. Firstly, the fall of the Twin Towers in 2001, and secondly, today’s economic/health crisis: both events can only be seen as creating an inescapable part of a new paradigm of globality, as yet to be defi ned.Publication The Intangible Concept Behind a Tangible Economic Miracle A calling: what drives China's entrepreneurial class to new heights?(IE University, 2021-04-14) Valdivieso, José Félix; https://ror.org/00c5kmy11For reasons not worth exploring here, religion is no longer in fashion in the world today, with the exception of the Muslim nations: a certain secularization has spread across the planet. At the very least, religion is no longer fashionable in the traditional sense of the word, as a system of beliefs and practices that bring together the majority of the population of a country or region around a social structure. This traditional concept of religion was introduced in China in the 19th century, through Japan, which has so often served to transmit ideas and trends to its neighbor. Japan coined the word Shūkyō (宗教), religion, and the Chinese borrowed the concept, adopting the same characters, but pronouncing it zōngjiào (宗教). From the first Chinese Republic, after the fall of the Qīng Empire in 1911, to the present day, Buddhism, Taoism, Christianity and Islam have been recognized as religions in this traditional sense. All other religious beliefs and practices, local cults and other types of spiritual manifestations not part of these major religions were relegated to the category of superstitions and beliefs (míxìn 迷信)Publication Chinese versus European entrepreneurship(IE University, 2019-04-14) Valdivieso, José Félix; https://ror.org/00c5kmy11Within the unfathomable solitude of the world, humanity is incapable of escaping the magical power wielded by the symbolism of the center. From the moment we each realize we don’t know exactly where it is we come from, it’s only logical we try desperately to connect with an afterlife that justifies our existence. Mircea Eliade summed up the architectural symbolism of the Center by pointing out that all cultures search for the Mountain or Sacred Temple that serves as Axis Mundi, the point where heaven, earth, and hell converge. The prevailing idea seems to be that if we can locate ourselves in the center, we can connect with the divine and will be saved, or at the very least we can mitigate our loneliness. This idea has manifested itself in various ways. In the West, there was a time when the Christian temple was a representation of the universe (imago mundi). In the East, the example of China is perhaps the best known: in Mandarin it is known as the Country of the Center ( 中国 the first character, zhōng (中) means “center”, and guó (国) means “country”)