Publication: Dark side of good behaviors: essays on helping, thanking and apologizing
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Date
2022-02-09
Authors
Advisor
Court
Rico Muñoz, Ramón (PRESIDENTE)
Bullinger, Bernadette (SECRETARIO)
Ma, Bin (VOCAL)
Somasundaram, Jeeva (VOCAL)
Schweinsberg, Martin (VOCAL)
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Volume Title
Publisher
IE University
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Abstract
This dissertation examines the negative outcomes of three widely-studied prosocial behaviors: helping, thanking and apologizing, and aims at providing a broader understanding of when and why these behaviors fail to serve a prosocial function. Chapter 1 differentiates the effect of proactive (i.e., unsolicited) help vis-à-vis reactive (i.e., solicited) help on the helper’s subsequent selfish behaviors, and investigates a novel mechanism—perceived cost of helping—underlying such relationship. In three experimental studies, I demonstrate that after providing reactive help (vis-à-vis proactive help), the helpers are more likely to engage in selfish behaviors for selfbenefits, and this is because the disruptiveness of providing reactive help makes the helpers to perceive the cost of help (i.e., time, effort and resources invested in help) as higher, the effect of which is strengthened when helpers are more intolerant of under-reward. Chapter 2 investigates a ubiquitous yet unstudied phenomenon: when a benefactor solicits gratitude expression from a beneficiary after offering help, namely, gratitude expression solicitation. Based on the results from one pilot study and three experimental studies, I demonstrate the real-life instances of gratitude expression solicitation, how soliciting gratitude expression is different from soliciting other monetary and non-monetary resources in social exchanges, and how it can lead the beneficiary to avoid the benefactor more through perceived benefactor arrogance. I also examine the moderating effect of whether gratitude has been expressed before it is solicited, which jointly contribute to an in-depth understanding of soliciting gratitude expression. Last, in Chapter 3, I explore when apology may impair reconciliation process by exploring the situation when the alleged transgressor does not perceive any wrongdoing but still apologizes. Adopting a transgressor-centric approach and using a mixed-approach design, I investigate the nature and the prevalence of apologizing with no felt transgression at the workplace, demonstrate its related affective and reconciliation outcomes from the transgressor’s perspective, and illustrate the role of organizational conflict cultures in influencing employees’ restoration efforts upon apologizing with no felt transgression.
Unesco subjects
Emoción
Motivación
Actitudes
1209.04 Teoría y Proceso de decisión
Motivación
Actitudes
1209.04 Teoría y Proceso de decisión
License
Attribution 4.0 International
School
IE Business School
Center
Keywords
Citation
Li, S. (2022). El lado oscuro de los buenos comportamientos: ensayos sobre como ayudar, agradecer y disculparse (Doctoral dissertation, IE Universidad).